• Saturday, November 7, 2009 Latest Update: 3:28PM
Rob Day | December 11, 2008 at 2:09 PM 8 Comments

What’s wrong with cleantech venture capital

The cleantech venture capital model isn't broken, but some investors sure are stretching it as hard as they can... In the three and a half years that I have been writing on this website, it's fascinating (at least to me) to go back and see how things have changed in the industry, and in the messages in my writings. At first, I started writing about a small niche in venture capital that no one else was even reporting on, so the purpose of the blog was to simply compile the news and some views in one place since that was lacking, and since friends and family had no idea what this "cleantech" thing was that I kept talking about. Then, as the sector started getting more and more interest, it was great to see all the influx of new investors (both generalist and specialist) in the sector, which brought along entrepreneur and innovator interest, LP interest, etc.  The writings on this site reflected a wave of excitement about the sector. The wave of new capital entry then naturally spawned journalists' questions about "bubbles" in the sector, and so the writings on this site started to explore more of the ins-and-outs of what is really going on behind the high profile deals and sectors, getting past the headlines to break down the numbers, etc. I still believe that there is not an overall bubble in cleantech venture capital, this investment sector has so much room to grow and the other market fundamentals are so healthy that cleantech/greentech will remain an attractive investment area for many years to come.  And I still believe that the entry of experienced investors into the sector is a very good thing.  Not only does it help build out the ecosystem in very healthy ways, it also means more smart minds and deep pockets and valuable networks around the boardroom table.  Having co-invested with specialists and generalists alike has only reinforced my conviction that cleantech investors should be welcoming new entrants with open arms and continuing to work together, because of the special conditions and specific factors at work in this sector. When I joined @Ventures two years ago, one of the major reasons I chose this firm was the senior investment team, who had not only been investing in cleantech as specialists since 2004, but also had a deep background in venture capital going back to 1995 (hence the "@" in the firm's name, a legacy feature).  And what they brought from that experience were some valuable (and at times, painfully learned) lessons about what venture capital needs to look like in order to produce the outsized returns limited partners expect to see when they put money into venture capital, given the high risk nature of the category. So there's a very deep set of experiences around the team in both cleantech and venture capital.  And what we at @Ventures have started to see in the cleantech venture capital sector are some unhealthy and likely unsustainable trends.  Not undermining the overall cleantech VC investment thesis, mind you, but some specific trends within that opportunity that bear watching closely:
  1. The shift to larger and larger funds.
  2. The related shift to later-stage investing.
  3. The related shift into capital-intensive subsectors and business models within cleantech.
  4. The mismatch of investment concentration with the geographic dispersion of cleantech innovations and innovators.
  5. The concentration of venture capital investments into just a few subsectors, while the lion's share of subsectors receive much less attention (much less dollars) from investors.
In preparing for an upcoming, small limited partner event I'm speaking at, and after several months of team discussions on what we're seeing in the industry, we pulled together a slide deck bringing this all together. The conclusions we draw aren't conventional wisdom right now, so this presentation may be a bit controversial.  And certainly not everyone will appreciate our thoughts, given how we're clearly not fans of the direction most of the industry is currently headed in. Frankly, there are some money-losing trends in the industry right now, and not everyone will enjoy having someone publicly say that.  But the data speaks for itself. So I thought readers might enjoy taking a look at the presentation and drawing their own conclusions. To be clear, as a former late-stage investor myself, it's not that I'm skeptical of the very concept of growth stage investing in cleantech, which plays an important role and will see some successes.  And believe me, I'd love to be able to drive to a board meeting here in the Boston area rather than take my monthly trips to board meetings in more out of the way places like I do.  But the magnitude of the shifts we're seeing aren't healthy in the aggregate. We've seen this movie before, and it doesn't end well. So I hope this starts a dialogue.  Comments, questions and flames are all welcomed. Leave comments below, or email me. . . . . .

Comments [8]

  • Brennan 03/10/09 9:51 AM

    I agree with many of your points. What I would like to see in many of these new VC firms is actually helping these people with great ideas instead of just throwing money at them as many times it just becomes a black hole. I think that many people who have a good idea could really do a lot better if the VC that invested in them especially at a seed level could provide some consulting, management help, and insight on their project because as we all know some people are good at investing something but actually getting that project to be able to go mainstream and be sold might take some restructuring and repackaging.

    Reply
  • Rob Day 12/12/08 8:44 AM

    Bill—

    A good point, and true, but the basic fact remains that solar isn’t yet cost-effective (as much as I’m a fan of solar’s long-term role, it’s true it’s not grid-parity yet), and energy efficiency is in many cases already cost-effective (one of our companies, for example, Powerit Solutions, offers customers an 18-24 month payback), but VCs are piling into the former and not the latter sectors. 

    So while the McKinsey graph has its own challenges, I think the basic point still stands.

    Good comment, thanks!

    Reply
  • Bill Lemon 12/12/08 5:51 AM

    Just a word of warning on slide #17 - the McKinsey study.  That chart of “order of merit” for various investments in cleantech presumes 6% money (according to the McKinsey partner that I spoke to). 

    It is a reasonable number for government/non-profits trying to plan their actions.  For everyone else, it is ridiculous.  The rank order is HUGELY affected by the cost of money and as such, this chart is worse than useless for the private sector, it’s downright misleading.

    Reply
  • Chris Kauza 12/15/08 6:04 PM

    Rob, nice pitch!  Good information that flowed well.

    I think VC firms need to look at the model & take their more speculative investments and direct them toward early-stage opportunities.  Use funds to drive licensing agreements & strategic partnerships, to grow the companies to higher valuations.  I think most cases will continue to be M&A exits (as you state in your presentation).

    The Industry in general - and solar in particular - is very much like the Internet in ‘92 / ‘93.  Lots of folks still hacking away in their proverbial garages, and a handful of larger,  established non-US players entering our Market.

    Lastly, it would behoove Investors (Institutions & Individuals) to collaborate and influence the government channels at the State & Federal levels, for policy incentives & changes, that would support early stage investments and drive larger mid-stage investments (for scaling Production, Distribution, etc.).  Many of the operations I see are easily 10+ years behind our German / Spanish / UK competitors…I think we have an edge, however, wrt “clean tech” technologies…

    Deal flow still continues to be good for us out here in the Rocky Mountain region, & I see lots of potential over the next few years.  The near-term challenge will be the usual entrepreneurial issues coupled with the economy we’re going through…

    Thanks for sharing this presentation - nicely done!

    Reply
  • Frank 12/17/08 6:10 AM

    It is difficult to understand the concentration of capital into solar, wind and most biofuels technologies.I didn’t think VC’s followed the herd. M&A is unlikely, as there are so many competing technologies and no synergies to be acheived when combined. Don’t underestimte all the “invented here” problems with the founders. Also, most VC’s have never dealt with utility management teams and most solar, wind “users” or “customers” are utilities. Try moving a a pace just slightly faster than the Federal government.
    Solar and wind will not have a disruptive technology that will eliminate the competition. I first financed these technologies in the early 80’s during the first energy crisis—I was instrumental in the IPO’s of Astropower, Evergreen Solr and others. This sector is no different than others, so I totally agree with your last slide. And it does take loger to commercialize that biotech—most biotech products have a highly focused market application, with focused scientists, whereas cleantech has broad markets and many “inventors”.

    Reply
  • Jim L 12/18/08 10:41 AM

    Frank, you sell short the solar folks.  Most, if not all, know their customers and the steps needed to acquire the Power Purchase Agreements needed to sell their electricity.  Our company is one of the “many” inventors and we are proceeding forward with our financing, not quite there yet, but closer.  I have experienced many “potential” investors (VC) who are so focused on IT that it takes a large sell and education to get them to the point of consideration.  I agree with you that the speed of the Federal Government can be slow, very slow.  Hopefully that will change, the eternal optimist, that’s me.

    Reply
  • Naveed Hingora 01/11/09 12:02 PM

    A very informative presentation. Its very interesting to see that currently lot of companies are also focusing on energy efficiency related solutions for example, demand response management, smart grid applications, etc. PVs may have to wait for some more time before being adopted on a large scale. In Germany, with a few favorable government policies allowing consumers to be able to sell their generated solar energy has helped induce a wide-scale adoption of photovoltaics.
    It would be nice to see more VC investment in new start-ups providing integrated solutions that include micro-level renewable power generation, demand response management system, and energy storage system.

    Reply
  • TD 01/29/09 8:18 PM

    In metaphorical terms: White men can’t jump.

    Reply

Cleantech Investing

Rob Day is a Boston-based cleantech venture capital investor and entrepreneur, and is also the President of the Renewable Energy Business Network (REBN). The views expressed on this blog are those of Rob and his friends and colleagues, not necessarily the views of REBN or Greentech Media or any other group. Contact Rob Day at: (JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

.