True or False: China Will Be a Bigger Solar Market than the U.S.

Two Chinese companies have preliminary deals to build 2.3 gigawatts of solar projects for local governments in China. Will It surpass the U.S.?

True or False: China Will Be a Bigger Solar Market than the U.S.

China, like the United States, seems ready to take off as a ravenous consumer of solar energy.

Earlier this week, China's largest solar company, Suntech Power (NYSE: STP), said it had signed letters of intent to build four solar farms totaling 1.8 gigawatts for provincial and city governments in China.

On Thursday, ReneSola (NYSE: SOL) said it, too, has signed letters of intent to build government-backed solar power projects. The two projects would total 505 megawatts and be located in two provinces.

The announcements are the latest evidence that China is embracing renewable energy as part of its economic stimulus initiative. But opinions differ on whether the country would see a dramatic growth in the next few years.

"Historically, China has made a lot of announcements that have not come to pass. They have affordability issues, and they have cheap coal and other problems to solve," Paula Mints, principal analyst of solar services at Navigant Consulting, said at Intersolar North America in San Francisco this week. "They aren't going to go from 25 to 50 megawatts, mostly off the grid, into a multi-gigawatt market in a few years."

Craig Cornelius, managing director of Hudson Clean Energy Partners, sounded more hopeful.

"It's amazing the level of rhetoric that come from government officials, companies and investors. They are emphatic that they will construct massive projects," said Cornelius at the conference. "There are data points showing they mean it more than they did the past. So we will see this time next year."

China has committed to spending more than $30 billion for constructing renewable energy and other greentech projects, and solar is set to get a big piece of it. The government already has announced incentives for installing rooftop solar energy systems (see Confusion, Political Spat Emerge for China Solar Subsidies).

The government is now finalizing another incentive program for solar, said Steve Chadima, vice president of external affairs at Suntech America. It's a feed-in tariff program, which would require utilities to buy solar energy at higher rates than the prices paid for electricity from coal-fired power plants. The program would apply to ground-mounted solar energy systems.

In fact, Suntech is waiting for the government to settle on the tariffs, or the solar energy prices, which would help the company determine the feasibility of carrying out the 1.8 gigawatts of ground-mounted projects, Chadima said.

The government agency in charge of creating the program, National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), tossed out 1.09 RMB per kilowatt hour ($0.15) as a possible price at one point. But that would be too low for projects that are scheduled for installation within a year and half, Chadima said.

Suntech hopes the rates would be around 1.2 RMB to 1.3 RMB per kilowatt hour ($0.19), Chadima said.

The NDRC also has said that feed in tariffs could be higher on the coast and lower inland in order to encourage more installations in the less-sunny coastal region, Chadima said.

Suntech plans to line up financing from local Chinese investors for these projects, he added. Chadima declined to disclose the costs of the developing the projects.

The agreements Suntech has signed are not binding, and the company would need to negotiate for formal contracts. If it proceeds as planned for now, it would be building projects for the Shaanxi provincial government, Shizuishan city government (Ningxia province), Qinghai provincial government and Panzhihua city government (Sichuan province).

Suntech, which also makes solar panels, would carry the projects out in phases. The plan is to start installing in 2010 and complete them by the end of 2012, Chadima said.

Renesola, which makes silicon wafers for making solar cells, said its letters of intent call for building a 500-megawatt solar farm for Yancheng city government, and a 5-megawatt rooftop project for the Panzhihua east district government in Sichuan province.

The 500-megawatt project would be built over a six-year period and involve 490 megawatts on the ground and 10 megawatts on rooftops, the company said.

"China is going to be a growth market, but it's more of a 2011 story," said Vishal Shah, senior analyst with Barclays Capital. "The U.S. will be a more important market, especially in the commercial segment."

"China seems serious about renewable energy, but it remains to be seen about transmission and incentives for their projects," Shah added.

Photo: Qinghai, China

9 Comments

  • Richard 07/17/09 11:33 AM

    Of course it will be a larger solar market than the US.
    We lost our edge in nearly every other market (education, wealth, income, health, environment, the list long) of significance.  No reason this should any different.
    It’s simple:  They have the MONEY to buy it.  We have payments and high interest to pay (to them ironically).  Who do you think is going to get shipped to first?

    Reply
  • JoeJoe 07/18/09 10:49 PM

    At this stage of the game PV will only succeed in China with generous subsidies - that’s generally true for all countries with a few localized exceptions. IF PV costs keep dropping the technology will reach price points that will be competitive in the US/Europe/Japan well before they are competitive in China. We can be hopeful and imagine how China could subsidize the industry with a few GWs worth of projects in the near term but their best bet strategically is to stay on the sidelines and play the manufacturing end rather than the market end.

    Can you jump from 50 MW to 2 GW in two years? Spain already answered that question. Yes.

    Reply
  • solar in china 07/20/09 8:07 AM

    It is clear that those announcements are form than content.
    Long-range goals build on the foundation of the short-range goals. We would like hearing news that are reasonable and feasible at current stage.
    The china government agency is willing to grant subsidy on wind and nuclear energy in 2015.  said http://www.orientalsolar.cn

    Reply
  • Lisa 07/22/09 3:57 PM

    China has the money, knowledge and workforce to get begind solar power in a way that the US cannot.

    I’m sure this is going to be a market the East lead in.
    Lisa

    Reply
  • Solvida 07/22/09 5:33 PM

    What stage of the game are we in ?  Although I may banter on here and there, lets talk facts. 
    “At this stage of the game PV will only succeed in China with generous subsidies - that’s generally true for all countries with a few localized exceptions” - please back this up
    “IF PV costs keep dropping the technology will reach price points that will be competitive in the US/Europe/Japan well before they are competitive in China.” - why? if China values installing PV along 1000s of miles of transmission lines in order to bolster the grid, perhaps that $/kwh is acceptable to the Chinese, even with a low $/kwh from the grid. I counter by saying that if PV prices keep falling rapidly, China is well positioned to take advantage b/c of the significantly low cost of labor. I know that labor is only a small component of overall project cost but as component prices plummet, labor cost gains importance.
    “We can be hopeful and imagine how China could subsidize the industry with a few GWs worth of projects in the near term but their best bet strategically is to stay on the sidelines and play the manufacturing end rather than the market end.”- why?
    Yes Spain made that jump but are you aware of the post Gold Rush ramifications over there? The lack of rigidity in administration of subsidies resulted in poor workmanship and underperforming systems for which the Gov’t is now rightfully saying they won’t pay the $/kwh. There’s a huge opportunity in China and elsewhere to learn from Spain and create a validated PV economy/market that is self sustaining. How? Read my book- LOL!
    Please help me understand your position. I am always willing for enlightenment. Thanks

    Reply
  • dan 07/27/09 1:46 PM

    interesting discussions.  I have no doubt China will surpass US, just a matter of time.  They have the resources and the need.

    Reply
  • JoeJoe 07/30/09 4:04 PM

    What stage of the game? The US installation market is undeveloped and the regulatory end of things is uncertain. . Manufacturing costs have a long way to come down. We’re still in a stage where every goofy product gets some VC money. It’s like watching old B&W clips of ill-fated flying machines trying to fly. PV certainly isn’t mature yet. PV still needs subsidies. Everyone here should know that. Does that answer your question?

    The US (12 cents/kWh), Europe (15-30 cents/kWh), and Japan (20 cents/kWh) pay much more for electricity than the Chinese (less than 5 cents/kWh).  PV electricity costs over 20 cents/Watt. From this it follows that PV is closer to being competitive with the grid in the US/EU/Japan than it is to being competitive in China. Does that make sense?

    PV along transmission lines? Maybe in a few special cases (substations I could see) but I think right-of-ways are hard enough to come-by as it is. The transformation of low voltage to transmission voltage would be a logistical problem with such a scheme. Security would also be a big issue. I don’t think the Chinese would see much value in such an experiment.

    Reply
  • Solvida 07/30/09 5:36 PM

    2009 should be the last year of the goofy product game. VCs are sharpening pencils like never before, just like the rest of us.
    Low voltage to high voltage standard designs include step up transformers & standard utility hardware, to achieve t line voltages needed. These systems go in daily in EU and starting to in US. Systems over certain sizes (2MW usually) suffer increased costs and/or reduced performance if all that amperage is pushed thru at only 480V.
    I agree with all of your points and appreciate you clarifying.

    Reply
  • aartie 08/23/09 11:59 AM

    The move from coal power is inevitable. The true cost of coal power is not reflected in today’s pricing because it does not take into account of the impending environmental damage that will reach a critical point before governments fully cease and decease coal power.
    Even though China is not on the forefront in environmental policy at this point in time - given its massive population, its demographical shift to a more mid-socio economical society and its dictatorial hand where policies can be implemented at the wave of a hand - it can easily surpass USA on solar power at a blink of an eye.

    Reply
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